We finally slept in, although the effects of our liquid courage from karaoke night the night before might have played a part. Crystal got up at 7 and Justin got up at 8. We had a quiet breakfast at Le Grille, then grabbed some reading material and sat in the shady area near the pool bar. As with the day before, shade was in high demand. It was a nice temperature out, but the wind was gusty and Justin's travel magazines kept flappng around. Crystal got some ceramic kitchen stuff from the shop, and went to a cocktail class at 10:30. Justin laid out on the pool deck with some water. This was now approaching R&R. Crystal read some on our balcony, and Justin attended the sing-along in the piano bar.

We grabbed lunch right at noon, as we were both hungry and bored. They had made some chicken adobo special for us; we had asked Christian if they ever served Filipino food, and he told us that if we gave him a day's notice, he'd have the chef put something together. In addition to the chicken adobo, they also had pancit and some other asian fare. We gorged ourselves on all the food, and afterwards just laid in bed watching TV until there was a 2pm lecture on Captain Cook.

Cook's three voyages are famous, and his time in Polynesia is particularly notable. In 1755, Cook did something very unusual - he turned down the opportunity to run a merchant ship and instead enrolled in the Navy. This was unusual because the Naval ships had worse conditions and worse pay than the merchant ships. After joining the Navy, however, he quickly came up in the ranks, becoming a Master just two years later in 1757. During time in Canada, Cook learned map drawing, and was quit adept at it. Cook's charting of Newfoundland stood for over 100 years before they were improved upon. He returned to England from Canada in 1762 and married Elisabeth Batts. Between 1763 and 1767 he did some more surveying in Canada.

In 1768, seemingly out of nowhere, he was appointed commander of a new British expedition, to the South Pacific. The main purpose of the voyage was to take astonomical observations, specifically the size of Venus relative to the sun. The ship was called the Endeavor. On the ship was Joseph Banks, who paid for his own way. Banks also paid for Daniel Solander, a swedish botanist, and also Sydney Parkinson, an artist. Cook took the unusual step of putting a ton of sauerkraut and onions on board, in the hopes of keeping scurvy at bay. Cook was a clean freak, regarding personal cleanliness, bedding cleanliness, and boat cleanliness. The voyage stopped first in Madeira, then Rio (where they weren't welcomed and couldn't get off the ship), and then went around Cape Horn. The Endeavor arrived on 13 April 1769 in Matavai Bay in Tahiti, and the transit of Venus in front of the sun was on 3 June 1769.

After leaving Tahiti in July 1769, Cook went to New Zealand, arriving in October 1769. The Maori were far from welcoming, but Cook managed to establish some trade. Between October 1769 and March 1770 Cook mapped the two main islands of New Zealand, and much of the current names used in New Zealand came from Cook. In April 1770, Cook landed at Botany Bay, in what is now Sydney. Heading north from Sydney, the Endeavor somehow made it through hundreds of miles of the Great Barrier Reef before hitting the reef around Cape Tribulation. They fixed the ship in present-day Cooktown, then went around the north point that Cook named Cape York. After determining that Australia was not connected to New Guinea, they docked at Batavia (now Jakarta). Ironically, once back in "civilization," over two dozen people died, either from malaria or dysentary. Tupaia and Taiata, two Tahitians that had traveled with Cook from Tahiti, both died from malaria. From Batavia, the Endeavor went around the Cape of Good Hope and then back to England.

Back in England, Banks got most of the attention, as he was much better at tooting his own horn. This led to a second expedition, this time aboard the Resolution and the Adventure. These left England on 3 July 1772, and were tasked with finding "Terra Australis Incognita" the assumed giant continent of the southern hemisphere. This expedition also included a painter, William Hodges. It also included Tobias Furneaux, who captained the Adventure (cook captained teh Resolution). Banks was supposed to come along as well, but he had two many demands and too large of a crew, and Cook didn't want all of the extra stuff. But Reinhold and Georg Foster served a similar role, cataloging plants from the expedition. The ships landed at New Zealand in the summer 1773, and then the Society Islands in August-September 1773. They then visited the Tongan islands, and then back to New Zealand. Back in New Zealand, the two ships separated and could not find one another (no satellite phones or CB radios), so Cook took the Resolution on 22 November 1773 to search for Terra Australis Incognita. Cook came very close to finding Antarctica several times, but did not have any idea how close he came. Multiple times the ship crossed the Antarctic circle, but sadly in places where the continental shelf did not stretch out so far into the ocean.

In March 1774 the ships landed in Rapa Nui, and at that time the Maoi were still standing with their headgear intact, i.e., the civilization was still intact and functioning just fine. The island was quite dry, so Cook went back north, to Tahiti, the Cook Islands (he didn't name them), and then Vanuatu and New Caledonia. Cook was very surprised to find New Caledonia, such a huge island, that had not yet been discovered. After rounding Cape Horn, Cook did more searching for Antarctica, again unsuccessfully, and then docked in Cape Town. The Resolution returned to England on 19 July 1775, after more than 3 years at sea. In 1776 Cook became a member of the Royal Society, quite an honor. Cook was asked to plan a new expedition, but refused as he wanted to captain the expedition, not plan it.

The new expedition left in July 1776, and included William Bligh (the Master for the Resolution), and George Vancouver (midshipman on the Discovery). There was also a German, Heinrich Zimmermann, who wrote a book after returning from the voyage. There was also a painter, John Webber. The actual, as opposed to the official, mission of the third voyage was to find the so-called Northwest passage, a hoped-for passage to get from Europe to Asia. Heading north from Tahiti, Cook discovered Christmas Island on 23 December 1777, then discovered Hawaii on 18 January 1778. Because the language was close to Tahitian, Cook could actually speak with the Hawaiians. Cook realized the connection between the Maori, the Rapa Nui, the Tahitians, and the Hawaiians, but he was unable to figure out exactly what the connection was. Cook visited Oregon and then went up the coast, making it all the way to the Bering Strait before having to turn back. They went to Hawaii, this time the Big Island, sailing around the island for a month before setting anchor at Kealakekua on 16 January 1779. At that time Cook met the local chief Kalaniopu and his 10 year old nephew, Kamehamea. Cook was showered with gifts, as the Hawaiians thought Cook and his crew were a delegation from Lono. Given that Cook had huge ships never before encountered, could speak Hawaiian, and had completely different colored skin, the Hawaiians thought that he and the rest of the British were gods.

But when one of the sailors died, the Hawaiians became dubious, as they realized the expedition was full of men, not gods. Cook left on 4 February 1779, but had to return on 11 February 1779 because of a broken mast. Then the Hawaiians were definitely sure that these were not gods. The Hawaiians took one of the tender boats, and in response Cook wanted to take Kalaniopu hostage to get the boat back. In a scrum on 14 February 1779, Cook was killed by the Hawaiians, although there is no accepted account of what exactly happened, as the eyewitness accounts all differed. The English wanted Cook's body back, but that night the Hawaiians burned his body, and returned only some bones the next day. After Cook's passing, Charles Clerke took over, but he was very sick and soon died. Bligh actually was largely responsible for getting the ships back to England.

Cook has no direct descendants, as his children had no children of their own. A monument to Cook still exists at Kealakekua Bay; we've seen it at a distance multiple times from the Bay but we've never kayaked over to examine it up close. Perhaps the next time we're over on the Kona side of the island we will finally do that.

In the mid-afternoon we went upstairs to read for a bit, then went to a presentation Mihimana had on tattooing, including a description of his various tattoos. He has family heritage in the Austral islands as well as the Marquesas and the Society islands, so his designs are varied in terms of their style.

After that talk, we went to another one, this one by Mark Eddowes on what really happened on the Bounty. It went almost two hours and was fascinating, but long story short, everything went wrong everywhere, and all sorts of horrible things happened, including:

• Failing to get around Cape Horn on the way to Tahiti, setting back the voyage by months as it had to go around the Cape of Good Hope instead
• Getting to Tahiti when breadfruit was out of season, necessitating the British staying on Tahiti for six months
• During those six months, the British breaking all sorts of taboos and running afoul of the Tahitian cultural practices, alienating the Tahitians
• The Tahitians bleeding the British dry of their iron by having the women effectively charge iron nails for sex, leading to the British starting to literally disassemble part of the Bounty for iron, which made Bligh irate
• Fletcher Christian and others being attacked (with one guy being killed) on Tonga, only for Bligh to criticize the men for failing to get supplies from the Tongans
• Bligh castigating Christian, an Aristocrat, in front of the crew, a major no-no
• Christian setting Bligh and others adrift in a longboat, which Bligh miraculously sailed to East Timor with minimal resources - this was actually the only "good" part of the story
• The mutineers killing 45 Polynesians at the island of Tubuai, but then being forced to leave because they kept getting (rightfully) attacked, so they went back to Tahiti
• Letting the innocent non-mutineers who didn't fit into Bligh's longboat off the Bounty, only for them to either drown in Pandora's Box [a prison on the ship Pandora] on the way back to England or being hung when they were tried in England
• The mutineers kidnapping 18 women and 6 men from Tahiti, since the 9 mutineers weren't enough to operate the Bounty by themselves
• The mutineers throwing 6 of those women overboard the next day for whatever reason
• The mutineers setting up on uninhabited Pitcairn island, but then quickly leading to the men going around murdering each other until only John Adams survived
• Adams setting up a strict religious society that survived for decades, and even today there are 54 descendants living there
• Seven of those current residents being under house arrest for child abuse
• Bligh going on a second voyage to actually get breadfruit to the West Indies, being successful, only for the African slaves in Jamaica to find breadfruit completely unpalatable - i.e., the entire premise and idea of the Bounty's voyage was completely doomed and unnecessary from the start
• Bligh getting appointed as a governor in New South Wales in Australia, only to suffer through a second mutiny, this time a land mutiny, in the Rum Rebellion

The end.

Mark's talk ended around 7:30, so went upstairs, got cleaned up, then headed to dinner. As usual, dinner was quite good, but we were both really tired, and kind of just went through the motions until the meal was over. It was evident that during dinner, the swells had picked up, as the rocking motion was more than we could remember at any point during the cruise. It still wasn't bad enough to irritate our stomachs, but we wouldn't have been surprised to see others get up. There was no piano bar or La Palette tonight, just an early bed time.